A 'biosphere' is a mostly closed ecosystem, of a specific size, that contains a mix of plants and animals that is completely self-sufficient. The only input to a biosphere is energy from light.
All other materials needed by the biosphere such as water, nutrients, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, amongst others, are sealed within it and recycled through the process of life, death, and decay.
To create a chemical balance is key. Air chemistry and water pH is very important. It is wonderful if you can get the animals to reproduce within the system. Some closed jar biospheres can last for years! Mike Leveille
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